At present, it is recognized that Liuwei Dihuang Pills was first published in the “Pediatric Medicine Certificate” by Qian Yi in the Song Dynasty. It is called “Dihuang Pills”. It is generally believed that it was cut from Zhang Zhongjing Bawei Pills.
The textbook “Prescriptionology”, which is compiled by TCM, believes that:
QUERY LENGTH LIMIT EXCEEDED. MAX ALLOWED QUERY : 500 CHARS
QUERY LENGTH LIMIT EXCEEDED. MAX ALLOWED QUERY : 500 CHARS
A week later, he returned to the doctor. All the signs and symptoms were greatly improved. The urine was not checked, and the guardian continued to move forward.
The outcome of this case has a great impact on me. In the current TCM internal medicine system, there are too many of them. Of course, when I reviewed the Cao Bo, too many Guipi Soup and Dihuang Pills were repeated in the Chinese and internal prescriptions, and many of the same syndromes were separated out in the disease. Although Chinese is very powerful, no matter how the syndrome changes or the same method is used, it causes great trouble for students’ learning.You said that this is the same treatment for different diseases. I feel that it has no characteristics. I think that this is also caused by the infiltration of modern medical thinking. Its toxicity is wide, which directly causes the decline in clinical efficacy.
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目前公认六味地黄丸是宋代钱乙首先刊登在《小儿药证直诀》中,名为“地黄丸”,一般认为是从张仲景八味丸化裁而来。
中医统编教材《方剂学》认为:
【组成】 熟地黄八钱(24g) 山萸肉 干山药各四钱(各12g) 泽泻 牡丹皮 茯苓各三钱(各9g)
【用法】 上为末,炼蜜为丸,如梧桐子大。空心温水化下三丸(现代用法:亦可水煎服)。
【功用】 滋补肝肾。
【主治】 肝肾阴虚证。腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,耳鸣耳聋,盗汗,遗精,消渴,骨蒸潮热,手足心热,口燥咽干,牙齿动摇,足跟作痛,小便淋沥,以及小儿囟门不合,舌红少苔,脉沉细数。
【配伍意义】 本方证以肝肾阴虚为本,兼有虚热内扰。治宜滋补肝肾为主,适当配伍清虚热、泻湿浊之品。本方为《金匮要略》所载之”崔氏八味丸”(仲景易名日肾气丸)减去桂枝、附子而成。方中重用熟地黄滋阴补肾,填精益髓,为君药。臣以山茱萸补养肝肾,并能涩精,取”肝肾同源”之意;山药补益脾阴,亦能固肾。三药配合,是为”三补”.佐以泽泻利湿而泄肾浊,并能减熟地黄之滋腻;茯苓淡渗脾湿,并助山药之健运;丹皮清泄虚热,并制山萸肉之温涩。三药称为”三泻”.六味合用,三补三泻而以补为主;肝、脾、肾三阴并补而以补肾阴为主。
【鉴别】 知柏地黄丸、杞菊地黄丸、麦味地黄丸、都气丸四方均由六味地黄丸加味而成,皆具滋阴补肾之功。其中知柏地黄丸偏于滋阴降火,适用于阴虚火旺、骨蒸潮热、遗精盗汗之证;杞菊地黄丸偏于养肝明目,适用于肝肾阴虚、两目昏花、视物模糊之证;麦味地黄丸偏于滋肾敛肺,适用于肺肾阴虚之喘嗽;都气丸偏于滋肾纳气,适用于肾虚喘逆。大补阴丸(大补丸)
但是,我查阅《小儿药证直诀》、《丹溪心法》、《何氏虚劳心传》、《吴医汇讲》、《虚损启微》这基本书,原文中均未提及舌象,大多认为六味地黄丸为滋补肾水之方,现代编书时可以想当然地认为六味地黄丸是滋阴剂,自然是治疗阴虚证,那么身体的症状应该也是一派阴虚的症状,故在方剂学中有以上描述。
临床中,六味地黄丸的运用也很广泛,效果大多不错,可是,阴虚证的描述和舌红少苔这个舌象我认为并不是很典型,大多数时候,我从脉象看到尺脉沉细基本都可以用到地黄丸的意思。
直到今年,史欣德老师在给我们上课的时候特别讲到,六味地黄丸适用的舌象是舌嫩红偏胖大,舌苔薄少,这直接启发了我,这种舌象你不能说他不是阴虚,但又与阴虚火旺的干红少苔有所不同。六味地黄丸的舌象不一定非常红,只要不是淡白应该就可以,另外,舌质不宜老,有齿痕也是一个重要征象,这正是虚损的舌象,是肾水不足,而不是阴虚火旺。
在临床上我也小小地验证了一下理论,这位患者近期时常胃脘疼痛,多为绞痛,难以忍受,且遇凉加重,另查尿中有白细胞近半年,体重每月下降1-2斤,口干鼻干,二便可,纳佳,寐差,梦多,舌质嫩红胖大略有齿痕,苔白暗。辨为脾肾两虚,且有寒邪客胃,处方如下:

一周后复诊,诸证皆大为好转,小便未查,守方续进。
此案的收效对我影响极大,在目前的中医内科学体系中,有太多的想当然,在我考博复习的时候,中内的方剂中重复了太多的归脾汤、地黄丸,病里分出很多一样证,虽然汉语很强大,但是无论证怎么变还是用相同的方,给学生的学习造成很大的困扰。你说这是异病同治吧,感觉很没有特色,我认为这还是现代医学思维的渗入所致,其毒害之广,直接造成临床疗效的下降。
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